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Articles, graded by evidence

Plain-English explainers written by our editorial team, medically reviewed, with every source linked.

7 articles

How does retatrutide work?

Retatrutide is one peptide designed to activate GLP-1, GIP, and glucagon receptors. This is the proposed mechanism, and what a Phase 2 trial measured.

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Metabolic 7 min

GLP-1 drugs: what the landmark trials actually showed

How a 31-residue gut hormone became the most consequential peptide drug class in a generation — and what the big trials did and didn't prove.

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Metabolic 6 min

MOTS-c: the first Phase 2a insulin-sensitivity trial is recruiting

A mitochondrial-encoded peptide with a large rodent literature now has a registered human trial. Results are not in yet.

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Metabolic 7 min

Tesamorelin in 2026: a meta-analysis of the HIV lipodystrophy trials

Four randomized trials and 909 patients: visceral fat falls. That is not a general fat-loss or anti-aging result.

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Longevity 7 min

Therapeutic peptides and aging: how a 2026 review sorted the field

A Frontiers in Aging narrative review put approved incretin drugs and unapproved research peptides on the same table — and the evidence gap is the point.

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Metabolic 7 min

CagriSema: what the 2025 REDEFINE trials showed

Two NEJM Phase 3a papers in June 2025 tested cagrilintide plus semaglutide. A 2026 head-to-head later missed non-inferiority versus tirzepatide.

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Metabolic 6 min

Retatrutide: from the 2023 Phase 2 trial to 2026 Phase 3 presentations

The triple agonist (GIP, GLP-1, glucagon) now has Phase 3 obesity data presented in 2026. It is still not an approved drug.

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